At the 2004 International Conference on Global Anti-Semitism in Montreal, Sharansky introduced his “3D test” for contemporary manifestations of anti-Semitism. He defines what he calls “classical” anti-Semitism as a crude sets of myths that have Jews draining the blood of Gentile children or plotting to take over the world. He suggests that the new anti-Semitism, instead of being aimed at the Jewish religion or the Jewish people, “is ostensibly directed against the Jewish state.” His 3D test applies the criteria that identified classical anti-Semitism to the modern variety
The first D stands for demonization. Classical anti-Semitism demonized the Jew as a deicidal or usurious embodiment of evil, a Christ-killer or Shylock. Modern anti-Semitism demonizes the Jewish state the same way. “Comparisons of Israelis to Nazis,” Sharansky writes, “can only be considered anti-Semitic.”