The Ties that Bind
Posted on
September 23, 2015 by
Stephen Smith
Artist’s impression of the MMS satellites. Credit: NASA
Sep 23, 2015
Earth and the Sun are joined together.
The four Magnetospheric Multiscale Satellites (
MMS) were
launched March 12, 2015 on a mission to study the magnetic field around Earth, especially what scientists like to call “magnetic reconnection” events. According to the theory, when magnetic field lines cross and “reconnect” through some unknown mechanism, they are supposed to detonate, releasing large quantities of heat, light and electrical energy.
The fatal flaws in magnetic reconnection theory are not the topic of this paper. Suffice to say that magnetic field lines are merely representations and are no more capable of detonation than lines of longitude are.
The MMS piggy-backs on the
TIMED mission that was launched in 2001. The Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics spacecraft is currently in orbit, analyzing solar influences on Earth, especially the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere/Ionosphere (MLTI), a region near 60-180 kilometers in altitude.
The highest levels of the atmosphere are not well understood, especially the thermosphere where the Sun’s energy begins to interact with atmospheric particles. Just how this relationship works continues to be investigated, however TIMED detected a tenfold decline in the thermosphere’s temperature since 2002.
TIMED measured the amount of ultraviolet light from the Sun, finding a significant decrease since the start of solar minimum. The amount of infrared radiation emitted by nitric oxide molecules also declined, implying that the upper atmosphere cooled over the course of solar minimum.
Temperatures in the thermosphere are dependent on solar radiation. Extreme ultraviolet light is absorbed by the residual oxygen and becomes electrically charged, with increasing molecular motion. Fast molecular motion is known as heat, so even though a household thermometer would register temperatures below zero in the thermosphere, it is considered hot, sometimes reaching over 1500 Celsius during solar maximum.
The MMS constellation, as well as others scheduled for launch before the end of the decade (the Geospace Electrodynamic Connections mission and the Magnetospheric Constellation missions), are part of a widespread, international consortium known as the
Global Electric Circuit Project:
“We will do this through development of improved understanding of processes controlling the charge and discharge of electrified clouds, the electrical coupling between the atmosphere and ionosphere, and the flow of current throughout the system.”
The 22 year solar cycle is now known to energize Earth’s climate: Earth’s environment is part of a circuit in the Solar System with the Sun as the primary electrode. Although solar energy varies over time, corresponding with sunspot cycles, that variance amounts to less than one-tenth of one percent. Electricity from space is injected into the thermosphere from charged particles emitted by the Sun (otherwise called the solar wind) speeding along massive Birkeland currents through a closed circuit. When solar winds are at a minimum, the electric currents decline in amperage, thereby decreasing the strength of Earth’s magnetosphere.
As the magnetosphere declines in strength, it is less able to deflect energetic ions arriving from deep space known as cosmic rays. Cosmic rays are charge carriers, and those ions are able to reach the troposphere. Collisions between charged and neutral particles drag air molecules along with them influencing low level cloud cover.
More clouds reflect more radiation from the Sun back to space—clouds are white because they are acting like mirrors to all forms of visible light. More reflection means less solar energy, more cloud cover, and so on.
Solar maximum is now considered to be over, and the Sun is returning to a more passive state. The correspondence between the Sun’s electric field strength, cosmic rays, Earth’s magnetosphere, cloud cover, and climate are continuing to be investigated. Electric Universe advocates expect further confirmation of the connection.
Stephen Smith
http://sisko.colorado.edu/FESD/MeetPresentFiles/2013.GEC.3.21.pdf
Earths electric circuit.