Alberta
Alberta became a hot-bed of pro-firearms and right-wing politics and began the impetus for changes to gun laws across the nation. In 2012, after the Vancouver shooting, Alberta's premier Joseph Mackenzie issued a proposal for Alberta to liberalize its gun laws. After scrutiny by the RCMP and Canadian gun control advocates, Mackenzie radicalized his proposal into completely opting out of the Canadian Firearms Program. In 2013, Alberta successfully opted-out of the Canadian Firearms Program and chose to independently administer firearms legislation - becoming the first province to exercise that constitutional right. This resulted in the mandatory transfer of firearms owners records from the RCMP to the Alberta Provincial Police, with the exception of gun dealers. In Section Three of Alberta's Provincial Criminal Code, it states, "The law-abiding citizen has no duty to retreat against threats to life, liberty and property, in defense of oneself, or another." Alberta, being Canada's main center of Conservative and Christian right politics, contains a strong gun culture. After a series of provincial and controversial court rulings, Alberta legalized Stand Your Ground and Castle doctrine laws, allowing citizens to use firearms in defense of property and life without legal prosecution. After the Alberta flood seizure of thousands of legally-stored firearms, Alberta's premier passed a new law giving Alberta's inhabitants the legal right to open fire on law enforcement trying to seize their firearms without a lawful warrant. It also would charge law enforcement a $15,000 fine, who try to confiscate firearms without a legal warrant. Mackenzie also enacted a reimbursement and compensation program for owners of those confiscated firearms. While Authorization to Transport (ATTs) are issued in Alberta, they are not required to transport firearms to a gun range or a farm. As for Authorization to Carry, Alberta became the first "shall issue" province, given to that applicant does not have any mental illness that could threaten the community. Restricted Firearms do not require registration in Alberta, however, Prohibited Firearms do. No license is required to purchase ammunition in Alberta. Because of these laws, Alberta often receives lots of political scrutiny from Liberals and other mainstream Canadian politicians. Some Canadians have suggested and lobbied for the RCMP to begin using deadly force if Alberta did not stop loosening gun laws. There have even been attempts in Alberta to strip the RCMP of its policing authority in the province.
Justin Trudeau, of the Liberal Party introduced a bill which would allow the RCMP to require all provinces to partake in the Canadian Firearms Program. The bill was struck down in court as "unconstitutional" on many grounds. Trudeau and the Liberals also accused Alberta and Joseph Mackenzie of adopting American influence.
Firearms in Alberta are managed and regulated by the Alberta Firearms Department (AFD) of the Alberta Provincial Police. Alberta hosts many gun and knife shows in Canada, and gun ownership is estimated to be at 56% in Alberta. PAL's in Alberta are also independently issued by the APP. However, they are not legal outside of Alberta, and those wishing to purchase firearms in other provinces must attain an RCMP-issued PAL. Though the RCMP may still attain and request information from the APD, normally this is done for statistical research.
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