Meanwhile not sure if this has been posted yet- could not find it due to all the yakking on houses.
Canada leaves Aboriginal hopes to incubate in misery | Full Comment | National Post
It’s not just the tweaks to land-lease management on reserves contained in Bill C-45, which in part ignited the “Idle no More” protests. There have been many attempts at piecemeal repair. In 1996 there was Bill C-79, the Indian Act Optional Modification Act; it died on the order paper. In 2002 there was Bill C-7, the First Nations Governance Act, which attempted to reform reserve administration across the board. It perished in 2003. In 2008 there was Bill C-47, the Family Homes on Reserves and Matrimonial Interests or Rights Act, to redress inequity in the treatment of women. That one died on the order paper three times. It is before Parliament again as Bill S-2.
Amid these and other efforts, conditions on reserves have worsened. In its 2011 status report, the office of the Auditor-General chronicles, in customarily neutral tones, a horror show of civil neglect. On reserves, the high school graduation rate is 41 per cent, compared with a national average near 80 per cent. There’s a worsening housing shortage and huge numbers of the houses that do exist are mould-ridden. Children on reserves are eight times likelier than the national average to be in the care of child and family services.
This is not the upshot of one audit, mind you, but many. There were seven, between 2002 and 2008, chronicling the same problems.
At root, the malaise is economic. Except where there is a nearby resource development, or an enterprise such as a casino, these are communities with no natural economies, served by a remote federal bureaucracy (rather than a conventional municipal or provincial one), in which neither individuals nor the bands themselves hold title to their lands or homes.
The lack of property rights is not incidental. It is fundamental. It prevents the securing of mortgages, the building of equity and the accumulation of wealth. In effect the reserve system incentivizes misery, paying people to live where they cannot work. This is why all sides in this equation, including reserve residents and the taxpayer who bears the cost of Aboriginal Affairs’ $7.4-billion annual budget, feel so viscerally that they are being cheated. They are.