I understand all that stuff, and I used to work in the technical side of the paint and coatings business and I understand that casein used to be called "whitewash" back in the days of Tom Sawyer.
I think we are in some deep trouble with these additives and are heading for more. First of all, they are not natural food and thought they may be low in calories and deemed "safe" if used in small quantities all by themselves once in a while (or in a lab rat's life), there is NO study anywhere that can assure you or me of the safety - short or long term - to humans when these little concoctions are ingested in various combinations over a long period of time. I think we're getting clues in the form of increasing rates of obesity, diabetes, cancer, etc. but definitive studies? No way.
Now, given that other "under developed" countries do not suffer the North American maladies, and combined with the fact that they eat a more natural diet (in many cases, devoid of additives), it suggest a strong possibility of a link between our modern health conditions and the non-food crap we are eating more of every day.
The research people have even admitted that there is a possibility of allergic reactions to xanthan gum, but they continue to use more and more of it in every way. They have even infected one of my favorite condiments - hot sauce - with it! Sheesh, will they never stop? I didn't ask for a fluffier texture to my hot sauce, so who did?
The whole point to this exercise is marketing principles being freely applied to something that affects our health, and the food companies are not disclosing this information to the average consumer. Sure, there are some (weak) labelling laws out there, but if you don't know what xanthan gum is (sounds like something from a xanthan tree, doesn't it?), who is going to take the time to stop and think about it? The assumption always is, "if it's being sold in the store, it must be good for me." Well, cigarettes are sold in the stores too, but it's pretty damned hard to make a case for good health there!
I take strong exception to the deception in the industrial food business. Food companies are trying to compete with each other on everything except what is good for their customers...nutrition and overall goodness. Fluffier textures, creamier this, softer that,...it has nothing whatsoever to do with good health, and in many cases, everything to do with bad health.
Back to xanthan gum and additives for a moment...Honey Nut Cheerios has a variety of interesting ingredients and one is trisodium phosphate, a chemical cleaner or degreaser. I defy anyone to show me a study that proves that TSP in their cereal mixed with xanthan gum in their ice cream, along with the heavy duty amount of fructose (from corn) in the morning marmalade, and supplemented with a health dose of hydrolized vegetable protein (aka MSG) in the afternoon 'tater chip snack is a healthy, safe, and nutritious way to eat over any given period of time.
One more time, it's this combination of things that we're eating that is the concern. It's virtually uncontrolled, untested, and damn dangerous. How is it contributing to childhood obesity? Well, JLM already pointed out the sugar-in-the-cereal issue and that might be the least of our worries. At least sugar is "real"...high fructose corn syrup is real too...real(ly) bad. And it's popping up everywhere as a cheaper substitute ("no sugar added!") for sweetening things.
If you take the time to read more labels on processed foods, you might begin to see the magnitude of the situation. There seems to be no end in sight.