Don't blame bands for reserve housing woes
The federal government's response to the grim First Nations housing situation at Attawapiskat is troubling.
It appears a knee-jerk racist response and the spread of misinformation has become its mantra.
Attawapiskat has become a miner's canary for Canadian First Nations. We can expect the heavy hand of this government to form the basis of future policy making.
Ottawa's reaction - and that of Prime Minister Stephen Harper in particular - has been appalling.
Rather than face the issue and try to find some kind of resolution, the prime minister complained that about $90 million has been spent by his government in the past six years and he sees little to show for it. Then the colonial office walks in and places the First Nations government under thirdparty management, which is a form of receivership.
It's easy to play blame-the-victim if people don't examine the facts. The $90 million spent over last six years constitutes the band's federal transfer payments. These cover costs for education and community and social development, and are accounted for in the band audits posted on its website since 2005.
It amounts to an average $15 million a year. This is comparable to other reserve communities of a similar size. The funds are closely regulated and can only be spent in certain ways.
The latest audited statement available on the Indian Affairs website is for the 2010-11 fiscal year. That year, the federal expenditures were $15,946,810 and included $403,986 available from the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. for housing.
According to Statistics Canada, in 2001, the First Nation had a population of 1,290. The annual expenditures for the band were $15,861,724, and $159,748 was available for housing.
In the past decade, the population has grown to about 1,800, a 40 per cent increase. When such paltry amounts are put toward housing, it is no wonder that houses have become overcrowded and run down. If the overall federal contribution had kept pace with the population growth, it should be in excess of $22 million this year.
Attawapiskat is an isolated, fly-in community. The only way to transport building materials is by expensive air freight or a few months by winter road. This makes everything, including food, gasoline and basic transportation, more expensive. A standard two-or three-bedroom house will cost between $200,000 and $250,000.
Last month, the First Nation declared a state of emergency and the Red Cross responded with a planeload of emergency supplies. The emergency airlift to a northern community had all the urgency of a Third World disaster.
The government doesn't like to be embarrassed and rather than help out, it turned on the community.
The government spin is to blame the victim.
Attawapiskat is not the only desperate case in Canada.
It now appears the government is trying to dump its responsibility for First Nations on the provinces. In the case of Attawapiskat, Ontario has shown much more sensitivity and concern than the federal government, which holds the constitutional responsibility.
The Conservatives have no long-term strategy when it comes to First Nations. Cries of accountability are getting old and the problems are not going away.
The government must do something, and it just can't be a southern Canadian solution imposed by the bureaucrats that got us into this mess in the first place.
Ottawa must sit down with First Nations leaders and have an adult conversation. The colonial office must not be included in these talks because it is a large part of the problem. The government and the colonial office have to get rid of their southern ideas, set aside plans for privatizing First Nations land and forget about moving whole communities south.
Simply uprooting people and sending them south or to a new artificial community is not the answer. It hasn't worked in the past and it won't work in the present. First Nations people have deep roots in the land and don't transplant well.
Still, the government and First Nations leaders must look at alternatives to the present situation and look at better education for our people and economic development plans.
Don't blame bands for reserve housing woes