Diplomats demand end to violence in Ukraine
In Geneva, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry said the words agreed to on paper must be followed by actions. Andrii Deshchytsia, Ukraine's foreign minister, said the "joint efforts to launch the de-escalation … will be a test for Russia to show that it is really willing to have stability in this region."
Kerry said that if Moscow does not abide by the agreement, "we will have no choice but to impose further costs on Russia."
But Russia denies it is doing anything in East Ukraine, where pro-Russian militants have taken over offices and government buildings in at least 8 cities. So it was unclear what Russia would have to do under the agreement. Also, Europe has been able to agree on whether to impose sanctions on Russian experts, which would hurt its economy as well as Russia's.
Experts noted that Kerry and other Western diplomats agreed to hold off on imposing more sanctions against Russia if it went along with the agreement. Steven Pifer, who served as ambassador to Ukraine under President Bill Clinton, said the big question now is whether the statement will be implemented.
If the militants do not end their occupations, the West "should take it as evidence the Russians did not do their part" to uphold the agreement, Pifer said.
"If the Russian government came out and told people to knock it off, my guess is these things would stop or at least they would begin to decrease in number."
The participants agreed not to issue new sanctions on Russia, but that obligation should be abandoned if the groups do not disband, he said.
"If there's no move to disarm these groups or get them to evacuate buildings, that the West should consider harsher sanctions," Pifer said.
Meanwhile, Putin admitted for the first time in a wide-ranging radio interview in Moscow that the troops in unmarked uniforms who captured Ukraine's Crimean peninsula before its annexation last month by Moscow were indeed Russian soldiers.
"They acted politely, but resolutely and professionally," he said. "There was no other way to hold the referendum in an open, honest and honorable way and allow the people to express their opinion."