and thanks for that. unequal distribution's a good place to start.
And until you come to some idea of why there is an unequal distribution, everything else you say is pointless.
Let's take, oh, say, lawyers. A lawyer who wants to advance in the corporate law field will need to work 60 to 80 hours per week. There are people who want to do this; however, most of them are men. I know some who come to pick their kids up, and don't even know it's the last day of school, because they are so busy they don't know what's going on. A stereotypical woman will probably be somewhat interested in her family, and therefore wont' work 80 hours per week, and therefore wont' become top dog in the corporate law field. Does this mean it's unfair to women? No.
Let's look at, oh, GPs. Typical male GP works 60 hours per week. Typical female GP works 40-50. So their incomes are different. Is there a point? No. If you want to work more, you make more money. Is the system unfair? No.