Space Thread

Tecumsehsbones

Hall of Fame Member
Mar 18, 2013
58,182
8,384
113
Washington DC
Everybody's doing a brand-new dance, now
Come on baby, do the polar-motion
I know you'll get to like it if you give it a chance now
Come on baby, do the polar-motion
My little baby sister can do it with me
It's easier than learning your A-B-C
So come on, come on, do the polar-motion with me
--Carole King
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
India launches a lander and rover to explore the moon’s south pole
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Aijaz Rahi And Ashok Sharma
Published Jul 14, 2023 • Last updated 1 day ago • 3 minute read
Indian spacecraft Chandrayaan-3, the word for "moon craft" in Sanskrit, blasts off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, India, Friday, July 14, 2023.
Indian spIndian spacecraft Chandrayaan-3, the word for "moon craft" in Sanskrit, blasts off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, India, Friday, July 14, 2023. acecraft Chandrayaan-3, the word for "moon craft" in Sanskrit, blasts off from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, India, Friday, July 14, 2023. The Indian spacecraft blazed its way to the far side of the moon Friday in a follow-up mission to its failed effort nearly four years ago to land a rover softly on the lunar surface, the country's space agency said. A successful landing would make India the fourth country, after the United States, the Soviet Union, and China, to achieve the feat. PHOTO BY AIJAZ RAHI /THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
SRIHARIKOTA, India — An Indian spacecraft blazed its way to the far side of the moon Friday in a follow-up mission to its failed effort nearly four years ago to land a rover softly on the lunar surface, the country’s space agency said.


Chandrayaan-3, the word for “moon craft” in Sanskrit, took off from a launch pad in Sriharikota in southern India with an orbiter, a lander and a rover, in a demonstration of India’s emerging space technology. The spacecraft is set to embark on a journey lasting slightly over a month before landing on the moon’s surface later in August.


Applause and cheers swept through mission control at Satish Dhawan Space Center, where the Indian Space Research Organization’s engineers and scientists celebrated as they monitored the launch of the spacecraft. Thousands of Indians cheered outside the mission control centre and waved the national flag as they watched the spacecraft rise into the sky.

“Congratulations India. Chandrayaan-3 has started its journey towards the moon,” ISRO Director Sreedhara Panicker Somanath said shortly after the launch.


A successful landing would make India the fourth country — after the United States, the Soviet Union, and China — to achieve the feat.

The six-wheeled lander and rover module of Chandrayaan-3 is configured with payloads that would provide data to the scientific community on the properties of lunar soil and rocks, including chemical and elemental compositions, said Dr. Jitendra Singh, junior minister for Science and Technology.

India’s previous attempt to land a robotic spacecraft near the moon’s little-explored south pole ended in failure in 2019. It entered the lunar orbit but lost touch with its lander that crashed while making its final descent to deploy a rover to search for signs of water. According to a failure analysis report submitted to the ISRO, the crash was caused by a software glitch.


The $140-million mission in 2019 was intended to study permanently shadowed moon craters that are thought to contain water deposits and were confirmed by India’s Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008.

Somanath said the main objective of the mission this time was a safe and soft landing on the moon. He said the Indian space agency has perfected the art of reaching up to the moon, “but it is the landing that the agency is working on.”

Numerous countries and private companies are in a race to successfully land a spacecraft on the lunar surface. In April, a Japanese company’s spacecraft apparently crashed while attempting to land on the moon. An Israeli nonprofit tried to achieve a similar feat in 2019, but its spacecraft was destroyed on impact.


With nuclear-armed India emerging as the world’s fifth-largest economy, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s nationalist government is eager to show off the country’s prowess in security and technology.

“Chandrayaan-3 scripts a new chapter in India’s space odyssey. It soars high, elevating the dreams and ambitions of every Indian,” Modi said in a tweet after the launch.

India is using research from space and elsewhere to solve problems at home. Its space program has already helped develop satellite, communication and remote-sensing technologies and has been used to gauge underground water levels and predict weather in the country, which is prone to cycles of drought and flood.

“This is a very critical mission,” said Pallava Bagla, a science writer and co-author of books on India’s space exploration, adding that India will require soft landing technology if it wants to attempt more missions to the moon.


India is also looking forward to its first mission to the International Space Station next year, in collaboration with the United States as part of agreements between Modi and U.S. President Joe Biden at the White House last month.

This one-off visit by an Indian astronaut to the International Space Station will not hamper India’s own program, which aims to launch an Indian astronaut from Indian soil on an Indian rocket in late 2024, Bagla said.

As part of its own space program, active since the 1960s, India has launched satellites for itself and other countries, and successfully put one in orbit around Mars in 2014.

Singh said that based on the current trajectory of growth, India’s space sector could be a trillion-dollar economy in the coming years.

As of April, India has launched 424 satellites for 34 countries, including Israel, the United Arab Emirates, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. The ISRO has earned approximately 1.1 billion rupees ($13.4 million US) in the past five years from the launch of foreign satellites, the minister told India’s Parliament in December.

— Sharma reported from New Delhi.
1689520406915.png
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Mystery object that washed up on the Australian coast could be space junk: Officials
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Rod Mcguirk
Published Jul 18, 2023 • Last updated 1 day ago • 2 minute read
In this image made from video, a cylindrical object is seen on beach in Green Head, Australia, July 17, 2023. Authorities were investigating on Tuesday whether a cylindrical object about the size of a small car that washed up on a remote Australian beach is space junk from a foreign rocket. (CHANNEL 9 via AP)
In this image made from video, a cylindrical object is seen on beach in Green Head, Australia, July 17, 2023. Authorities were investigating on Tuesday whether a cylindrical object about the size of a small car that washed up on a remote Australian beach is space junk from a foreign rocket. (CHANNEL 9 via AP) THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
CANBERRA, Australia — Authorities were investigating on Tuesday whether a cylindrical object about the size of a small car that washed up on a remote Australian beach is space junk from a foreign rocket.

Police had cordoned off the barnacle-encrusted object after it was discovered at Green Head about 250 kilometres north of the city of Perth late Sunday.


The Australian Space Agency said it was liaising with other space agencies to identify the object, which appears to be partly made of a woven material.

“The object could be from a foreign space launch vehicle and we are liaising with global counterparts who may be able to provide more information,” the agency tweeted.



European Space Agency engineer Andrea Boyd said her colleagues believed the item that washed up from the Indian Ocean fell from an Indian rocket while launching a satellite.

“We’re pretty sure, based on the shape and the size, it is an upper-stage engine from an Indian rocket that’s used for a lot of different missions,” she told Australian Broadcasting Corp.

Whoever launched the object into space would be responsible for its disposal.

“There is a United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, and they have an Outer Space Treaty that everyone has signed saying that whoever launches something into space is responsible for it right until the very end,” Boyd said.

The Indian Space Research Organization did not immediately respond to a request for comment on Tuesday.


Western Australia Police said in a statement on Monday that a government chemical analysis had determined the object was safe and “there is no current risk to the community.”

Authorities had earlier treated the device as hazardous and urged the public to stay away.

Police said the device would be removed following formal identification of its origin.

“Police will maintain security of the object until it is removed and members of the public are requested to stay away from the location,” the statement said.

Some early media reports suggested the find might be part of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, a Boeing 777 that vanished in the Indian Ocean in 2014 with the loss of 239 lives. But that theory was quickly discounted.

Curious locals had quickly gathered to pose for photos with the object on Sunday before police arrived.

Australian National University astrophysicist and cosmologist Brad Tucker said the object “definitely does look space chunky.”

An upper-stage of a rocket could contain the carcinogenic fuel hydrazine, so bystanders should keep their distance, Tucker said.
1689847665375.png
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Canadian scientists await first look at bits from asteroid Bennu
Author of the article:Canadian Press
Canadian Press
Bob Weber
Published Jul 29, 2023 • 3 minute read
A mosaic view of Bennu was created using observations made by NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft that was in close proximity to the asteroid for over two years.
A mosaic view of Bennu was created using observations made by NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft that was in close proximity to the asteroid for over two years. PHOTO BY NASA/GODDARD/UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
A group of Canadian scientists is awaiting delivery of an outer space postcard from the past.


On Sept. 24, seven years after it blasted off from its Florida launch pad, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft is expected to drop a capsule into the Earth’s atmosphere containing matter plucked from the surface of an asteroid dating from the early history of the solar system.


“I’ve never worked with extraterrestrial material,” said Dominique Weis, a geoscientist at the University of British Columbia, who’s in line to get a tiny sample.

“I’m perfectly excited.”

The material comes from Bennu, previously known as near-Earth object 101955, a frozen chunk of rock about 500 metres across and roughly 450,000 kilometres from Earth. OSIRIS-REx has orbited within a couple hundred metres of its surface, scooped up a shovelful of it and is on its way home to drop off the package of whatever it found.


This NASA video frame grab handout image obtained on Oct. 21, 2020 shows NASA's robotic arm from spacecraft Osiris-Rex making contact with asteroid Bennu to collect samples.
This NASA video frame grab handout image obtained on Oct. 21, 2020 shows NASA’s robotic arm from spacecraft Osiris-Rex making contact with asteroid Bennu to collect samples. PHOTO BY HANDOUT/NASA TV /AFP via Getty Images
A Canadian-built set of lasers helped guide OSIRIS to its destination and produced a relief map of Bennu accurate to within a couple centimetres of height.

“In six weeks, we took data that provided the most detailed asteroid model ever,” said Michael Daly of York University’s Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, who headed the team that designed the lasers. “You could see fractures and details in the rocks.

“We’re very proud of that.”

Bennu was chosen for several reasons.

It’s a doable distance. It’s large enough for a spacecraft to orbit — although OSIRIS set a record for the smallest orbit yet. And it’s considered “primitive,” relatively unmodified since its origin billions of years ago.

That makes it a window into the early history of the solar system, said Weis.


“The idea is to go as far back in time as possible,” she said.

Alan Hildebrand, a University of Calgary geoscientist, who is also to receive a Bennu bit, said that sheds light on Earth’s history as well.

“The Earth was formed by asteroids getting together,” he said. “Studying asteroids helps you understand the origins of our planet.”

Bennu can help answer questions such as how the early crust of the Earth formed, he said.

As well, Bennu is from an area of space that cooled off well before the central part of what became the solar system, “freezing” those materials before they were altered by heat. And grabbing samples directly from the asteroid’s surface means scientists don’t have to account for the effects that flying through Earth’s atmosphere has on meteorites.


“The rocks comprising Bennu are from an older part of the solar system,” Hildebrand said. “We get to see the whole suite (of constituents) without the atmospheric filter.”

Finally, Bennu is thought to be rich in carbon. That could mean it contains organic compounds — those composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.

Some scientists think those compounds could offer clues to how life began on Earth — although Hildebrand points out planets such as Mars and Venus are also showered with such material and don’t appear to host life.

Bennu’s bits won’t be the first asteroid pieces brought to Earth. Two previous Japanese missions have brought back samples.

But the yield from OSIRIS is expected to be much larger. The Hayabusa missions brought back about five grams of asteroid _ OSIRIS’s yield is estimated at anywhere between 60 grams and two kilograms.


“We’ll have more material to do more things,” Hildebrand said.

Canadian scientists are getting samples of Bennu because of Canada’s $61-million investment in OSIRIS. But before any lab starts to warm up its mass spectrometer, NASA makes sure recipients know how to handle the precious grains, practising protocols on fragments of meteorites.

“We rehearse and rehearse and rehearse and rehearse some more,” said Weis. “We are working on the methods to be as sensitive and precise as possible.”

OSIRIS has already led to the publication of dozens of research papers. The arrival of its Bennu samples is expected to lead to many more.

The spacecraft also has enough fuel in its tank to take on more work after its return.

OSIRIS-REx, renamed OSIRIS-APEX, is to head off to study Apophis, an asteroid roughly 370 metres in diameter that will come within 32,000 kilometres of Earth in 2029. The spacecraft will then use its thrusters to try to dislodge dust and small rocks on and below that asteroid’s surface.

OSIRIS will then send information on the rock’sbehaviour back to Earth — its last assignment.
OSIRIS-REx-spacecraft-robotic-arm[1].jpg1690857864734.png
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Close encounters with UFOs described to U.S. government committee
Author of the article:Bloomberg News
Bloomberg News
Elizabeth Kim and Amelia Davidson
Published Jul 26, 2023 • Last updated 5 days ago • 5 minute read

Three former military officers described to Congress disturbing encounters with high-tech, unexplained flying objects and one of them claimed the US government is secretly holding on to extraterrestrial wreckage.


The Pentagon denies that they have a destroyed alien spacecraft.


Ryan Graves, a former F-18 pilot for the Navy, said that he witnessed advanced flying objects demonstrating complex maneuvers.

“The sightings were so frequent that they became part of daily briefs,” Graves said in an opening statement to a Wednesday congressional hearing. He urged the government to stop hiding such reports through “excessive classification” and disclose what it knows.

Wednesday’s hearing by a subcommittee of the House Oversight Committee comes amid a surge in interest in Congress about unidentified aerial objects and whether they constitute a security threat. The Senate is considering a bipartisan measure that would force the government to disclose reported sightings of such objects and what it learns about them.


The measure, proposed by Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer and other lawmakers, would be an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act. It would declassify government records related to unidentified aerial phenomena. Senators hope to pass the bill with the measure Thursday, but it would need to be approved by the House before going to President Joe Biden’s desk.

“Sunlight is the best disinfectant,” Schumer told reporters last week. “It’ll be very helpful to the American people to see exactly what’s there, because otherwise, there are all sorts of rumours flying around.”

Wednesday’s hearing drew wide interest, with a line that filled to get into the room stretching down two hallways of a Capitol office building 30 minutes before it began. An applause sounded in the room as the three witnesses were introduced by the subcommittee.


“This is an issue of government transparency,” Representative Tim Burchett, a Tennessee Republican, said as the hearing got underway. “We’re going to uncover the cover-up.”

Graves said military and civilian air crews are making “credible reports” of unidentified objects in US airspace “with regularity.”

Retired Navy commander David Fravor described an encounter with a “white Tic Tac shaped object” after launching his fighter jet from the USS Nimitz aircraft carrier.

“There were no rotors, no rotor wash, or any visible flight control surfaces like wings,” he testified.

He said the device maneuvered abruptly, accelerated and changed direction rapidly. He said it “defied material science.”

“The technology that we faced is far superior to anything we had,” he testified. Afterward he told a fellow service member that “I’d like to fly that.”


A retired US intelligence official told the House committee the government is running a secret program to assess wreckage from unidentified aerial objects.

“I was informed, in the course of my official duties, of a multi-decade UAP crash retrieval and reverse engineering program,” David Grusch, who says he spent 14 years as an intelligence officer with the US Air Force and, later, the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, said in written testimony submitted to the panel.

Grusch, who has official whistleblower designation, also spoke about intimidation measures he faced when looking to speak out about extraterrestrial phenomena. “I call it the Ministry of Terrorism,” he said of systems in place to keep members of the military from publicly discussing the topic.


The Defense Department created the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office in 2022 to investigate and keep records of sightings.



“The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) has not discovered any verifiable information to substantiate claims that any programs regarding the possession or reverse-engineering of extraterrestrial materials have existed in the past or exist currently,” Susan Gough, a Pentagon spokeswoman, said in an email.

An author who has researched the claims is also skeptical the objects will turn out to be of extraterrestrial origin.

“Across the last 75 years there’s just not a lot of evidence to me that the government could have kept that secret that long, either on purpose or by accident,” said Garrett Graff, author of UFO: The Inside Story of the US Government’s Search for Alien Life Here — and Out There.


More likely, he said, the flying objects are man-made.

“There are UFOs and UAPs in that the US government has no idea what they are” said Graff, who did not attend the hearing. He believes that these UAPs are “likely Chinese, Russian, Iranian or other advanced military technology being tested around the borders of the United States.”

As of August 2022, the Defense Department had compiled 510 reports of such unidentified objects. Of those, 163 were determined to be balloons, 26 were drones or other man-made devices and six were birds, litter or weather events. The other 171 are categorized as “unattributed” and require additional research.

In testimony to a Senate panel in April, Sean Kirkpatrick, the director of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office, said they actively pursue reports but have so far not found evidence of extraterrestrial visitors.


“I should state clearly for the record that in our research AARO has found no credible evidence thus far of extraterrestrial activity, off-world technology, or objects that defy the known laws of physics,” Kirkpatrick testified.

Representative Robert Garcia, a California Democrat, said the many reports warrant further investigation and witnesses need to be encouraged to report what they’ve seen.

“Because of the stigma around reporting these incidents, we still don’t have a complete picture of what’s going on,” Garcia said. “That’s a real problem.”

“The sheer number of reports, whistleblowers, and stories of unidentified anomalous phenomena raise real questions and warrant investigation and oversight,” Garcia said. “Pilots have reported encounters for years.”

Earlier this week, House Speaker Kevin McCarthy took a skeptical view of the claims of a Pentagon cover up.

“I think if we’d have found a UFO, I’d think the Department of Defense would tell us that they’d probably want to request more money,” McCarthy told reporters.

“I’d love to see whatever facts and information we have,” he said, adding that he is “very supportive of letting the American people see what we have.”

— With assistance from Billy House and Zach C. Cohen.
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Whistleblower says U.S. concealing ’multi-decade’ program that captures UFOs
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Nomaan Merchant
Published Jul 26, 2023 • Last updated 5 days ago • 3 minute read

WASHINGTON — The U.S. is concealing a longstanding program that retrieves and reverse engineers unidentified flying objects, a former Air Force intelligence officer testified Wednesday to Congress. The Pentagon has denied his claims.


Retired Maj. David Grusch’s highly anticipated testimony before a House Oversight subcommittee was Congress’ latest foray into the world of UAPs — or “unidentified aerial phenomena,” which is the official term the U.S. government uses instead of UFOs. While the study of mysterious aircraft or objects often evokes talk of aliens and “little green men,” Democrats and Republicans in recent years have pushed for more research as a national security matter due to concerns that sightings observed by pilots may be tied to U.S. adversaries.


Grusch said he was asked in 2019 by the head of a government task force on UAPs to identify all highly classified programs relating to the task force’s mission. At the time, Grusch was detailed to the National Reconnaissance Office, the agency that operates U.S. spy satellites.


“I was informed in the course of my official duties of a multi-decade UAP crash retrieval and reverse engineering program to which I was denied access,” he said.

Asked whether the U.S. government had information about extraterrestrial life, Grusch said the U.S. likely has been aware of “non-human” activity since the 1930s.

The Pentagon has denied Grusch’s claims of a coverup. In a statement, Defense Department spokeswoman Sue Gough said investigators have not discovered “any verifiable information to substantiate claims that any programs regarding the possession or reverse-engineering of extraterrestrial materials have existed in the past or exist currently.” The statement did not address UFOs that are not suspected of being extraterrestrial objects.


Grusch says he became a government whistleblower after his discovery and has faced retaliation for coming forward. He declined to be more specific about the retaliatory tactics, citing an ongoing investigation.

“It was very brutal and very unfortunate, some of the tactics they used to hurt me both professionally and personally,” he said.

Rep. Glenn Grothman, R-Wis., chaired the panel’s hearing and joked to a packed audience, “Welcome to the most exciting subcommittee in Congress this week.”

There was bipartisan interest in Grusch’s claims and a more sober tone than other recent hearings featuring whistleblowers celebrated by Republicans and criticized by Democrats. Lawmakers in both parties asked Grusch about his study of UFOs and the consequences he faced and how they could find out more about the government’s UAP programs.


“I take it that you’re arguing what we need is real transparency and reporting systems so we can get some clarity on what’s going on out there,” said Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md.

Some lawmakers criticized the Pentagon for not providing more details in a classified briefing or releasing images that could be shown to the public. In previous hearings, Pentagon officials showed a video taken from an F-18 military plane that showed an image of one balloon-like shape.

Pentagon officials in December said they had received “several hundreds” of new reports since launching a renewed effort to investigate reports of UFOs.

At that point, “we have not seen anything, and we’re still very early on, that would lead us to believe that any of the objects that we have seen are of alien origin,” said Ronald Moultrie, the undersecretary of defense for intelligence and security. “Any unauthorized system in our airspace we deem as a threat to safety.”
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Forget Mars. Private venture plans to colonize Venus by 2050
Author of the article:Kevin Connor
Published Jul 31, 2023 • Last updated 1 day ago • 1 minute read

OceanGate Expeditions has extreme travel plans to send 1,000 humans to live in a floating colony on Venus by 2050.


The New York Post reported Guillermo Sohnlein — who co-founded OceanGate — is also the founder and chairman of Humans2Venus, which he describes as “a private venture focused on establishing a permanent human presence in the Venusian atmosphere.”


“Forget OceanGate. Forget Titan. Forget Stockton. Humanity could be on the verge of a big breakthrough and not take advantage of it because we, as a species, are going to get shut down and pushed back into the status quo,” Sohnlein told Insider.

The 57-year-old Argentine-born businessman says there’s a sliver of the Venusian atmosphere about 30 miles from the surface where humans could survive.

Söhnlein’s wants to create a floating colony that could withstand the sulphuric acid in Venus’ clouds.


“It is aspirational, but I think it’s also very doable by 2050,” he told Insider.

“I am not an engineer or a scientist, but I have ultimate faith in the abilities of both. Therefore, I always figured that they would be able to overcome the myriad challenges facing us in the extreme environment of space.”

He said since the age of 11, he has had dreams he was the commander of the first human community on Mars.

“I have spent the more than four decades since then doing whatever I could to help humanity become a multi-planet species.”

In his blog post, Sohnlein wrote that “a private group could certainly advocate such a vision,” and could do it faster than NASA.
 
  • Like
Reactions: Tecumsehsbones

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
NASA hears signal from Voyager 2 spacecraft after mistakenly cutting contact
Voyager 2 rocketed into space in 1977 on a quest to explore the outer planets

Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Marcia Dunn
Published Aug 01, 2023 • 1 minute read

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — After days of silence, NASA has heard from Voyager 2 in interstellar space billions of miles away.


Flight controllers accidently sent a wrong command nearly two weeks ago that tilted the spacecraft’s antenna away from Earth and severed contact.


NASA’s Deep Space Network, giant radio antennas across the globe, picked up a “heartbeat signal,” meaning the 46-year-old craft is alive and operating, project manager Suzanne Dodd said in an email Tuesday.

The news “buoyed our spirits,” Dodd said. Flight controllers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California will now try to turn Voyager 2’s antenna back toward Earth.

If the command doesn’t work — and controllers doubt it will _ they’ll have to wait until October for an automatic spacecraft reset. The antenna is only 2% off-kilter.

“That is a long time to wait, so we’ll try sending up commands several times” before then, Dodd said.

Voyager 2 rocketed into space in 1977, along with its identical twin Voyager 1, on a quest to explore the outer planets.

Still communicating and working fine, Voyager 1 is now 15 billion miles (24 billion kilometers) from Earth, making it the most distant spacecraft.

Voyager 2 trails its twin in interstellar space at more than 12 billion miles (19 billion kilometers) from Earth. At that distance, it takes more than 18 hours for a signal to travel one way.
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
NASA restores contact with Voyager 2 after mistake led to weeks of silence
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Marcia Dunn
Published Aug 04, 2023 • 2 minute read

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. — NASA’s Voyager 2 spacecraft was back chatting it up Friday after flight controllers corrected a mistake that had led to weeks of silence.


Hurtling ever deeper into interstellar space billions of miles away, Voyager 2 stopped communicating two weeks ago. Controllers sent the wrong command to the 46-year-old spacecraft and tilted its antenna away from Earth.


On Wednesday, NASA’s Deep Space Network sent a new command in hopes of repointing the antenna, using the highest powered transmitter at the huge radio dish antenna in Australia. Voyager 2’s antenna needed to be shifted a mere 2%.

It took more than 18 hours for the command to reach Voyager 2 _ more than 12 billion miles (19 billion kilometers) away — and another 18 hours to hear back.

The long shot paid off. On Friday, the spacecraft started returning data again, according to officials at California’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.


“I just sort of sighed. I melted in the chair,” project manager Suzanne Dodd told The Associated Press.

“Voyager’s back,” project scientist Linda Spilker chimed in.

Voyager 2 has been hurtling through space since its launch in 1977 to explore the outer solar system. Launched two weeks later, its twin, Voyager 1, is now the most distant spacecraft — 15 billion miles (24 billion kilometers) away — and still in contact.

The two-week outage was believed to be the longest NASA had gone without hearing from Voyager 2, Dodd said.

As long as their plutonium power holds, the Voyagers may be alive and well for the 50th anniversary of their launch in 2027, according to Dodd. Among the scientific tidbits they’ve beamed back in recent years include details about the interstellar magnetic field and the abundance of cosmic rays.

“We’ve been very clever over the last 10 years to eke out every single little watt,” Dodd said. “Hopefully, one of them will make it to 50. But they are old and certainly events like this one that just happened scare the dickens out of me, as far as making that type of a milestone.”
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
The Perseid meteor shower peaks this weekend and it’s even better this year
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Maddie Burakoff
Published Aug 09, 2023 • 2 minute read
FILE - In this long exposure photo, a streak appears in the sky during the annual Perseid meteor shower at the Guadarrama mountains, near Madrid, in the early hours of Aug. 12, 2016. The best viewing for the annual shower visible around the world will be from Saturday night, Aug. 12, 2023, local time, into early Sunday morning, when viewers might be able to spot a meteor per minute.
FILE - In this long exposure photo, a streak appears in the sky during the annual Perseid meteor shower at the Guadarrama mountains, near Madrid, in the early hours of Aug. 12, 2016. The best viewing for the annual shower visible around the world will be from Saturday night, Aug. 12, 2023, local time, into early Sunday morning, when viewers might be able to spot a meteor per minute. PHOTO BY FRANCISCO SECO /THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

NEW YORK (AP) — The annual Perseid meteor shower reaches its peak this weekend, sending bright trails of light streaking across the night sky.


With only a sliver of moon in the sky, conditions this year will be ideal for seeing lots of meteors.


“If you’ve got nice clear weather and a good dark sky, you go out just before dawn and you’ll see a Perseid per minute or so,” said NASA meteor scientist Bill Cooke. “That’s a pretty good show.”

Here’s how to watch the meteor shower:

WHAT ARE THE PERSEIDS?

The Perseids — one of the biggest meteor showers we can see _ occur every year in the late summer. Meteor showers happen when the Earth moves through fields of debris floating around in space. The Perseids come from comet Swift-Tuttle, a big ball of ice and rock that sheds pieces of dusty debris as it orbits around the sun. When the Earth passes by, those bits get caught in our atmosphere and burn up, creating the streaking lights. The Perseids get their name from the constellation Perseus, because the meteors’ paths appear to start out from this point in the sky.


WHEN IS THE SHOWER?

This year’s shower is already active, but the main event will be this weekend, when the shower reaches its peak from Saturday night into Sunday morning. Starting around 11 p.m. local time Saturday, a few meteors will start to show up — maybe one every 15 minutes, Cooke estimated. They’ll keep picking up the pace until before dawn on Sunday, when “you’ll see meteors appear all over the place,” he said.

HOW CAN I SEE THEM?

During this weekend’s peak, the moon will be a waning crescent _ just a small slice in the sky. That’s good news because a bright moon can make it harder to spot the meteors. Last year, the moon was full during the peak. Anyone in the Northern Hemisphere will have a good view this year, as long as the sky is clear of light pollution and clouds. You don’t need any equipment to see them, but you will need to give your eyes around half an hour to adjust to the dark. Avoid looking at your cellphone since that can ruin your night vision.

The Perseids can appear anywhere in the sky. So just “lie on your back, look away from the moon and take in as much sky as you can,” Cooke said.
1691761325135.png
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
A rocket with a lunar landing craft blasts off on Russia’s first moon mission in nearly 50 years
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Jim Heintz And Emma Burrows
Published Aug 10, 2023 • Last updated 1 day ago • 2 minute read
In this photo released by Roscosmos State Space Corporation
In this photo released by Roscosmos State Space Corporation, the Soyuz-2.1b rocket with the moon lander Luna-25 automatic station takes off from a launch pad at the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Russia's Far East, on Friday, Aug. 11, 2023. The launch of the Luna-25 craft to the moon will be Russia's first since 1976 when it was part of the Soviet Union. The Russian lunar lander is expected to reach the moon on Aug. 23, about the same day as an Indian craft which was launched on July 14. Roscosmos State Space Corporation via AP
TALLINN, Estonia (AP) — A rocket carrying a lunar landing craft blasted off Friday on Russia’s first moon mission in nearly 50 years, racing to land on Earth’s satellite ahead of an Indian spacecraft.


The launch from Russia’s Vostochny spaceport in the Far East of the Luna-25 craft to the moon is Russia’s first since 1976 when it was part of the Soviet Union.


The Russian lunar lander is expected to reach the moon on Aug. 23, about the same day as an Indian craft which was launched on July 14. The Russian spacecraft will take about 5.5 days to travel to the moon’s vicinity, then spend three to seven days orbiting at about 100 kilometers (62 miles) before heading for the surface.

Only three governments have managed successful moon landings: the Soviet Union, the United States and China. India and Russia are aiming to be the first to land at the moon’s south pole.

Roscosmos, Russia’s space agency, said it wants to show Russia “is a state capable of delivering a payload to the moon,” and “ensure Russia’s guaranteed access to the moon’s surface.”


“Study of the moon is not the goal,” said Vitaly Egorov, a popular Russian space analyst. “The goal is political competition between two superpowers — China and the USA — and a number of other countries which also want to claim the title of space superpower.”

Sanctions imposed on Russia after it invaded Ukraine make it harder for it to access Western technology, impacting its space program. The Luna-25 was initially meant to carry a small moon rover but that idea was abandoned to reduce the weight of the craft for improved reliability, analysts say.

“Foreign electronics are lighter, domestic electronics are heavier,” Egorov said. “While scientists might have the task of studying lunar water, for Roscosmos the main task is simply to land on the moon — to recover lost Soviet expertise and learn how to perform this task in a new era.”


The Luna-25 launched flawlessly from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia’s Far East, according to video feed from Roscosmos.

The spaceport is a pet project of Russian President Vladimir Putin and is key to his efforts to make Russia a space superpower and move Russian launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

A previous Indian attempt to land at the moon’s south pole in 2019 ended when the lander crashed into the moon’s surface.

The lunar south pole is of particular interest to scientists, who believe the permanently shadowed polar craters may contain water. The frozen water in the rocks could be transformed by future explorers into air and rocket fuel.

“The moon is largely untouched and the whole history of the moon is written on its face,” said Ed Bloomer, an astronomer at Britain’s Royal Observatory, Greenwich. “It is pristine and like nothing you get on Earth. It is its own laboratory.”

The Luna-25 is to take samples of moon rock and dust. The samples are crucial to understanding the moon’s environment ahead of building any base there, “otherwise we could be building things and having to shut them down six months later because everything has effectively been sand-blasted,” Bloomer said.

— Burrows reported from London. Associated Press writer Marcia Dunn in Cape Canaveral, Florida contributed to this story.
20230810200816-64d57e1cbe70af9ac16ff322jpeg-scaled-e1691755339383[1].jpg
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Annual Perseid meteor shower reaching its peak
Author of the article:Canadian Press
Canadian Press
Published Aug 12, 2023 • 1 minute read
a meteor streaks across the sky
The annual Perseid meteor shower is reaching its peak this weekend. In this 30 second cameras exposure, a meteor streaks across the sky during the annual Perseid meteor shower, in Spruce Knob, West Virginia, Wednesday, Aug. 11, 2021. PHOTO BY BILL INGALLS /THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
The annual Perseid meteor shower is reaching its peak this weekend.


The American Meteor Society says the best time to see these speedy streaks of light is after midnight and preferably close to dawn.


Those in outside locations where the sky is clear and free of light pollution might be lucky enough to see a meteor per minute.

They should be fairly easy to see because there will be only a sliver of a moon to contend with in the night sky.

The Perseids, one of the biggest meteor showers of the year, is the result of the Earth colliding with dusty debris left behind by the comet Swift-Tuttle.

You don’t need a telescope or binoculars to see the meteors as they burn up in the atmosphere, and they can appear just about anywhere in the sky.
1691973386392.png
 
  • Like
Reactions: Taxslave2

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Russia’s Luna-25 spacecraft suffers technical glitch in pre-landing manoeuvre
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Published Aug 19, 2023 • 2 minute read
In this image made from video released by Roscosmos State Space Corporation, the Soyuz-2.1b rocket with the moon lander Luna-25 automatic station takes off from a launch pad at the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Russian Far East on Friday, Aug. 11, 2023.
In this image made from video released by Roscosmos State Space Corporation, the Soyuz-2.1b rocket with the moon lander Luna-25 automatic station takes off from a launch pad at the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Russian Far East on Friday, Aug. 11, 2023. PHOTO BY ROSCOSMOS STATE SPACE CORPORATION /THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
TALLINN, Estonia — Russia reported an “abnormal situation” Saturday on its moon-bound Luna-25 spacecraft, which launched earlier this month.


The country’s space agency, Roscosmos, said the spacecraft ran into unspecified trouble while trying to enter a pre-landing orbit, and that its specialists were analyzing the situation.


“During the operation, an abnormal situation occurred on board the automatic station, which did not allow the manoeuvre to be performed with the specified parameters,” Roscosmos said in a Telegram post.

Roscosmos did not specify whether the incident will prevent Luna-25 from making a landing.

The spacecraft is scheduled to land on the south pole of the moon on Monday, racing to land on Earth’s satellite ahead of an Indian spacecraft. The lunar south pole is of particular interest to scientists, who believe the permanently shadowed polar craters may contain water. The frozen water in the rocks could be transformed by future explorers into air and rocket fuel.


Also on Saturday, the Russian spacecraft produced its first results. Though Roscosmos said the information was undergoing analysis, the agency reported that the preliminary data obtained contained information about the chemical elements of the lunar soil and that its equipment had registered a “micrometeorite impact.”

Roscosmos posted images of the Zeeman crater — the third largest in the moon’s southern hemisphere — taken from the spacecraft. The crater has a diameter of 190 kilometers (118 miles) and is eight kilometers (five miles) deep.

The launch from Russia’s Vostochny spaceport in the Far East of the Luna-25 craft on Aug. 10 was Russia’s first since 1976 when it was part of the Soviet Union.

The Russian lunar lander was expected to reach the moon between Aug. 21 – 23, around the same time as an Indian craft which was launched on July 14.


Only three governments have managed successful moon landings: the Soviet Union, the United States and China. India and Russia are aiming to be the first to land at the moon’s south pole.

Roscosmos said it wants to show Russia “is a state capable of delivering a payload to the moon,” and “ensure Russia’s guaranteed access to the moon’s surface.”

Sanctions imposed on Russia after it invaded Ukraine make it harder for the country to access Western technology, impacting its space program. The Luna-25 was initially meant to carry a small moon rover but that idea was abandoned to reduce the weight of the craft for improved reliability, analysts say.

“Foreign electronics are lighter, domestic electronics are heavier,” Egorov said. “While scientists might have the task of studying lunar water, for Roscosmos the main task is simply to land on the moon — to recover lost Soviet expertise and learn how to perform this task in a new era.”

The spaceport is a pet project of Russian President Vladimir Putin and is key to his efforts to make Russia a space superpower and move Russian launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

A previous Indian attempt to land at the moon’s south pole in 2019 ended when the lander crashed into the moon’s surface.
russia-moon-mission[1].jpg
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
India becomes fourth country to successfully land spacecraft on moon
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Ashok Sharma
Published Aug 23, 2023 • 3 minute read
the successful lunar landing of Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft
This handout screen grab taken and received from the live feed of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) website on August 23, 2023, shows the successful lunar landing of Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft on the south pole of the moon. PHOTO BY ISRO /AFP via Getty Images
NEW DELHI — India on Wednesday landed a spacecraft near the moon’s south pole, an uncharted territory that scientists believe could hold vital reserves of frozen water and precious elements, as the country cements its growing prowess in space and technology.


A lander with a rover inside touched down on the lunar surface at 6:04 local time, sparking cheers and applause among the space scientists watching in the southern Indian city of Bengaluru. After a failed attempt nearly four years ago, India made history by becoming the first country to touch down near the little-explored south pole region and joins the United States, the Soviet Union and China in achieving a moon landing.


India’s successful landing comes just days after Russia’s Luna-25, which was aiming for the same lunar region, spun into an uncontrolled orbit and crashed. It would have been the first successful Russian lunar landing after a gap of 47 years. Russia’s head of the state-controlled space corporation Roscosmos attributed the failure to the lack of expertise due to the long break in lunar research that followed the last Soviet mission to the moon in 1976.


Excited and anxious, people across India, home to the world’s largest population, crowded around televisions in offices, shops, restaurants and homes. Thousands prayed Tuesday for the success of the mission with oil lamps on the river banks, temples and religious places, including the holy city of Varanasi in northern India.

India’s Chandrayaan-3 — “moon craft” in Sanskrit — took off from a launchpad in Sriharikota in southern India on July 14.

“India’s pursuit of space exploration reaches a remarkable milestone with the impending Chandrayaan-3 Mission, poised to achieve a soft landing on the lunar surface. This achievement marks a significant step forward for Indian Science, Engineering, Technology, and Industry, symbolizing our nation’s progress in space exploration,” the Indian Space Research Organization said in a statement earlier on Wednesday.


They said a successful Chandrayaan-3 landing would be monumental in fueling curiosity and sparking a passion for exploration among youth. “It generates a profound sense of pride and unity as we collectively celebrate the prowess of Indian science and technology. It will contribute to fostering an environment of scientific inquiry and innovation,” the organization said.

Many countries and private companies are interested in the south pole region because permanently shadowed craters may hold frozen water that could help future astronaut missions.

The six-wheeled lander and rover module of Chandrayaan-3 is configured with payloads that would provide data to the scientific community on the properties of lunar soil and rocks, including chemical and elemental compositions.


India’s previous attempt to land a robotic spacecraft near the moon’s little-explored south pole ended in failure in 2019. It entered the lunar orbit but lost touch with its lander, which crashed while making its final descent to deploy a rover to search for signs of water. According to a failure analysis report submitted to the ISRO, the crash was caused by a software glitch.

The $140-million mission in 2019 was intended to study permanently shadowed moon craters that are thought to contain water deposits and were confirmed by India’s Chandrayaan-1 orbiter mission in 2008.

With nuclear-armed India emerging as the world’s fifth-largest economy last year, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s nationalist government is eager to showcase India’s rising standing as a technology and space powerhouse. A successful moon mission dovetails with Modi’s image of an ascendant India asserting its place among the global elite and would help bolster his popularity ahead of a crucial general election next year.


The anticipation for a successful landing rose after Russia’s failed attempt and as India’s regional rival China reaches for new milestones in space. In May, China launched a three-person crew for its orbiting space station and hopes to put astronauts on the moon before the end of the decade. Relations between India and China have plunged since deadly border clashes in 2020.

Numerous countries and private companies are racing to successfully land a spacecraft on the lunar surface. In April, a Japanese company’s spacecraft apparently crashed while attempting to land on the moon. An Israeli nonprofit tried to achieve a similar feat in 2019, but its spacecraft was destroyed on impact.

Japan plans to launch a lunar lander to the moon over the weekend as part of an X-ray telescope mission, and two U.S. companies also are vying to put landers on the moon by the end of the year, one of them at the south pole. In the coming years, NASA plans to land astronauts at the lunar south pole, taking advantage of the frozen water in craters.
1693039281820.png
 

spaminator

Hall of Fame Member
Oct 26, 2009
37,631
3,309
113
Rare blue supermoon brightens the night sky this week in the closest full moon of the year
Author of the article:Associated Press
Associated Press
Marcia Dunn
Published Aug 29, 2023 • 1 minute read
Blue Supermoon
Wednesday's full moon will be a blue supermoon occurring when there are two full moons in the same month and the moon is closer to earth than usual so it appears larger and brighter.
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) — Stargazers are in for a double treat this week: a rare blue supermoon with Saturn peeking from behind.


The cosmic curtain rises Wednesday night with the second full moon of the month, the reason it’s considered blue. It’s dubbed a supermoon because it’s closer to Earth than usual, appearing especially big and bright.


This will be the closest full moon of the year, just 222,043 miles (357,344 kilometers) or so away. That’s more than 100 miles (160 kilometers) closer than the Aug. 1 supermoon.

As a bonus, Saturn will be visible as a bright point 5 degrees to the upper right of the moon at sunset in the east-southeastern sky, according to NASA. The ringed planet will appear to circle clockwise around the moon as the night wears on.

If you missed the month’s first spectacle, better catch this one. There won’t be another blue supermoon until 2037, according to Italian astronomer Gianluca Masi, founder of the Virtual Telescope Project.

Clouds spoiled Masi’s attempt to livestream the supermoon rising earlier this month. He’s hoping for clearer skies this time so he can capture the blue supermoon shining above St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vatican.

Weather permitting, observers don’t need binoculars or telescopes _ “just their own eyes.” said Masi.

“I’m always excited to admire the beauty of the night sky,” he said, especially when it features a blue supermoon.

The first supermoon of 2023 was in July. The fourth and last will be in September.