It is soora 55 in the book of the Quran.
The interpretation is by Mohammed-Ali Hassan Al-Hilly.
The reason for revealing the following soora (or chapter):
[When the Prophet recited the Quran to the people of Mecca and invited them to the Islam, they denied him and said: “It is only a man that teaches him, and this Quran is not the word of God!”
Therefore, this soora (or chapter) was revealed:]
1. [God] the Most Gracious!
2. has taught [Mohammed] the Quran.a
3. He created man [: Jesus, the son of Mary, without father.]
4. He taught him the evident explanation. b
5. The sun and the moon are made punctual.c
6. The stars d and the trees fall down [on the earth in prostration.] e
7. And the firmament f has He raised high, and He has brought down the Law [of justice included in the heavenly scriptures g.]
[Then God – be glorified – addressed the judges and arbiters, and He said:]
8. You shall not transgress the law of justice. h
9. And establish the judgment with justice i, and do not be unjust by inclining [to one of the two opponents.] j
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a And his teacher is not any human being, as do they claim.
This is confirmed by His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 4: 113, which means:
(God has revealed to you the Book [: the Quran] and the wisdom [: the admonition], and taught you such [knowledge] which you [Mohammed] knew not [before.])
b i.e. God taught Jesus some of the unknown information, so he started to tell them about what they eat, and what they store in their homes; as in His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 43: 63, which means:
(He said [to them]: “I have come to you with wisdom, and to explain to you some of the [religious matters] about which you differ.”)
Moreover, God – be glorified – said in the Quran 2: 253, which means:
(And We gave to Jesus, the son of Mary, the manifest miracles and We aided him by [Gabriel:] the Holy Spirit.)
c i.e. they run their courses according to perfect calculations.
d The ‘stars’ are the comets and meteorites which fall on the earth in adoration and prostration to God.
e The meaning: The nearest objects to the earth are the trees, and the farthest objects away from it are the celestial rocks; and both of them are submissive to God according to the natural law and the gravity; while you, disbelievers, have not submitted yourselves neither to God’s command nor to the instinct which God inserted in you, concerning the submission to the Creator; so you have worshipped the statues which you made by your own hands, thinking that they are able and can intercede for you; but your idea has been wrong, and you have lost your efforts and expenditure for them.
f The firmament is the gaseous layers, which are seven layers formed from the earth and rose up in the space.
I have explained about the gaseous layers in my book The Universe and the Quran, displayed on the internet web, so read it if you like to have more details.
g i.e. the religious statements which God revealed to His prophets included in the heavenly books.
h In your judgment, so as to judge for the behalf of the rich and wrong the poor.
i And do not incline in your judicial sentence neither to a friend nor to kindred.
j It means: And do not make the judgment for the advantage of the poor, in case the rich is the one having the right, but you should judge with justice between the two opponents.
This is confirmed by His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 4: 58, which means:
(And when you judge between men: you must judge with justice.)
The interpretation is by Mohammed-Ali Hassan Al-Hilly.
Soora 55
(In the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful)
The reason for revealing the following soora (or chapter):
[When the Prophet recited the Quran to the people of Mecca and invited them to the Islam, they denied him and said: “It is only a man that teaches him, and this Quran is not the word of God!”
Therefore, this soora (or chapter) was revealed:]
1. [God] the Most Gracious!
2. has taught [Mohammed] the Quran.a
3. He created man [: Jesus, the son of Mary, without father.]
4. He taught him the evident explanation. b
5. The sun and the moon are made punctual.c
6. The stars d and the trees fall down [on the earth in prostration.] e
7. And the firmament f has He raised high, and He has brought down the Law [of justice included in the heavenly scriptures g.]
[Then God – be glorified – addressed the judges and arbiters, and He said:]
8. You shall not transgress the law of justice. h
9. And establish the judgment with justice i, and do not be unjust by inclining [to one of the two opponents.] j
..................................................................
a And his teacher is not any human being, as do they claim.
This is confirmed by His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 4: 113, which means:
(God has revealed to you the Book [: the Quran] and the wisdom [: the admonition], and taught you such [knowledge] which you [Mohammed] knew not [before.])
b i.e. God taught Jesus some of the unknown information, so he started to tell them about what they eat, and what they store in their homes; as in His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 43: 63, which means:
(He said [to them]: “I have come to you with wisdom, and to explain to you some of the [religious matters] about which you differ.”)
Moreover, God – be glorified – said in the Quran 2: 253, which means:
(And We gave to Jesus, the son of Mary, the manifest miracles and We aided him by [Gabriel:] the Holy Spirit.)
c i.e. they run their courses according to perfect calculations.
d The ‘stars’ are the comets and meteorites which fall on the earth in adoration and prostration to God.
e The meaning: The nearest objects to the earth are the trees, and the farthest objects away from it are the celestial rocks; and both of them are submissive to God according to the natural law and the gravity; while you, disbelievers, have not submitted yourselves neither to God’s command nor to the instinct which God inserted in you, concerning the submission to the Creator; so you have worshipped the statues which you made by your own hands, thinking that they are able and can intercede for you; but your idea has been wrong, and you have lost your efforts and expenditure for them.
f The firmament is the gaseous layers, which are seven layers formed from the earth and rose up in the space.
I have explained about the gaseous layers in my book The Universe and the Quran, displayed on the internet web, so read it if you like to have more details.
g i.e. the religious statements which God revealed to His prophets included in the heavenly books.
h In your judgment, so as to judge for the behalf of the rich and wrong the poor.
i And do not incline in your judicial sentence neither to a friend nor to kindred.
j It means: And do not make the judgment for the advantage of the poor, in case the rich is the one having the right, but you should judge with justice between the two opponents.
This is confirmed by His saying – be glorified – in the Quran 4: 58, which means:
(And when you judge between men: you must judge with justice.)
apostles) and prophets in Paradise are alive and will not die; and all souls will not die, but some of them are prosperous in Paradise, and some suffer the chastisement.