That is correct,
I think not. In Canada, when the writs of an election are returned and the standing Government does not have more seats than any other party, the Prime Minister reserves the right to attempt to establish the confidence of the House of Commons
before the Governor General would consider granting the mandate to the largest party.
Thus, even if the
Conservative Party has the most seats, if the
Liberal Government can secure the support (even if temporary) of the
New Democratic Party and, if necessary, the
Bloc Québecois, then it could continue to govern; the Hon. Stephen Harper would continue to stand as the
Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition in the House of Commons, while the Rt. Hon. Paul Martin would continue in his mandate as the
Prime Minister of Canada.
Consider the Scenario:
The Thirty-ninth Parliament could be composed as follows:
The
Conservative Party could have
118 seats.
The
Liberal Party could have
99 seats.
The
Bloc Québecois could have
65 seats.
The
New Democratic Party could have
24 seats.
There could be
2 Members of Parliament who are
Independant¹.
In this case, if the NDP were to support the standing Government, and the Bloc Québecois were not opposed to granting confidence, then notwithstanding the fact that the Conservatives hold more seats than any other party, we would continue to be governed by the
Liberal Government with the
Conservative Opposition.
I wouldn't be surprised if we end up cracking open the books on Parliamentary convention after this election; the race looks pretty tight, according to the people at
SES Research.
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Footnote ¹ Note that these
Independant Members of Parliament are intended to be representatives of the
Green Party, but would not hold enough seats to be recognized as such in the House under current conventions.
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Edit Added Green Party representation to the given scenario.
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Edit Corrected a miscalculation in the given seat scenario.[/color]