In the Pashtun regions in particular southern Afghanistan there is a widespread practice refered to as "Bacha Bazi"
It takes various forms but generally consists of taking early pubescent boys into sexual companions.
Interestingly, it is extremely rare for anyone practicing it to refer to it as homosexuality, which is forbidden in Islam. It is hypothesized that the practice originates from the near total isolation of women in Pashtun culture, and with many men not getting a chance to marry at all in depressed economic conditions.
Declared an abomination by the Taliban, it was declared haram and punished by death during their rule.
With the fall of the Taliban in 2001, the practice has seen a major resurgence, and has been a constant point of contention between mostly western coalition forces, and the native population.
The problem of how to handle a culture that institutionalizes child sexualization and exploitation is one without a clear answer, and for the most part has simply been ignored.
Coalition forces have typically been ordered to ignore the practice and take no action, troops in the field have been instructed to simply avoid any talk of pedophilia or homosexuality at all.
What is particularly depressing about this state of affairs is that there's no end in sight.
When a practice is wildly held as acceptable in a society, how does one reverse it, without driving even more people into the insurgent movement?
Should the coalition forces attempt to put an end to it, they are essentially declaring war on a people's way of life and directly making them an enemy.
Ironically, maybe the best chance to end this particular institutionalized violation of human rights (as seen by many in the west) is in Islamic fundamentalist forces like the Taliban.
Green Beret discharged for beating alleged child rapist speaks out - CNNPolitics.com
Full text of the report:
https://info.publicintelligence.net/HTT-PashtunSexuality.pdf