23 May 2024. Birth of universe’s earliest galaxies observed for first time

socratus

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23 May 2024. Birth of universe’s earliest galaxies observed for first time
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For the first time in the history of astronomy, researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have witnessed the birth of three of the universe's absolute earliest galaxies, somewhere between 13.3 and 13.4 billion years ago. Illustration: NASA
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The discovery was made using the James Webb Space Telescope, which brought these first 'live observations' of formative galaxies down to us here on Earth.
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Through the telescope, researchers were able to see signals from large amounts of gas that accumulate and accrete onto a mini-galaxy in the process of being built. While this is how galaxies are formed according to theories and computer simulations, it had never actually been witnessed.
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"One of the most fundamental questions that we humans have always asked is: 'Where do we come from?'. Here, we piece together a bit more of the answer by shedding light on the moment that some of the universe’s first structures were created. It is a process that we’ll investigate further, until hopefully, we are able to fit even more pieces of the puzzle together," concludes Associate Professor Gabriel Brammer.
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socratus

socratus
Dec 10, 2008
1,171
19
38
Israel
www.worldnpa.org
In the flat, infinite, cold cosmic vacuum, there are billions times billions of galaxies
in various stages of evolution: the later stages and, as has been discovered,
at stage of "three earliest galaxies in the universe"
 

socratus

socratus
Dec 10, 2008
1,171
19
38
Israel
www.worldnpa.org
25 June 2024. We are closer than ever to finally proving the multiverse exists
One hundred years ago, we discovered there were other galaxies beyond our own. Now, we might be on the verge of another discovery: that there are other universes
/By Miriam Frankel/
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We think our universe contains everything that exists, has ever existed and will exist in the future. But this might not be the case: there are many ways other universes could exist.
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One is that we could be a single part of a branch of infinite universes known collectively as the multiverse. These universes might have appeared shortly after the big bang, they might be hiding in extra dimensions or they could pop into existence whenever a quantum property goes from a cloud of possible states to a single reality.
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Multiverse ideas gained scientific weight in the 1980s with the invention of inflation, a period when the early universe suddenly expanded. Inflation explains why the cosmos is so flat and smooth, but it also predicts the creation of a multitude of independent bubble universes.
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“What I didn’t like about inflation was that there are very few genuine predictions – you don’t get out much more than you put in,” says Neil Turok, a physicist at the University of Edinburgh, UK, who helped develop a model for a cyclic universe, published in 2001, as a rival for inflation. “It just struck me that there has to be a better explanation.”
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There are two types of Universes: Vacuum and Gravity.
The interaction between them is unknown.
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