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June 17th, 2007, 02:19 PM
Quote:
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlConte...9/wzion19.html
THE author of the notorious anti-Semitic forgery, Protocols of the Elders of Zion, has been identified as a Russian propagandist who served both the Tsar and the Bolsheviks.
The Protocols have proved an inspiration for generations of anti-Semites all over the world, despite having proved to be fake within a few decades of their appearance at the beginning of the century. They purport to reveal a secret Jewish-Masonic conspiracy to overthrow monarchy and Christian civilisation through the manipulation of wars, revolutions and capitalism, paving the way for world Jewish domination.
Research by a leading Russian historian, Mikhail Lepekhine, in recently opened archives has found the forgery to be the work of Mathieu Golovinski, opportunistic scion of an aristocratic but rebellious family who drifted into a life of espionage and propaganda work. After working for the Tsarist secret service he later changed sides and joined the Bolsheviks.
Mr Lepekhine's findings, published yesterday in the French magazine L'Express, would appear to clear up the last remaining mystery surrounding the Protocols. Though banned in Europe, copies are still to be found in Middle Eastern bookshops.
Golovinski was born in 1865 in Ivachevka in the Simbirsk region. His father, a friend of Dostoyevsky who was condemned to death for his part in a plot then pardoned, died when he was 10 leaving him to be brought up by his mother and a French governess. His subsequent career evokes the world of assassination and intrigue described in Joseph Conrad's Under Western Eyes, as revolutionaries and reactionaries struggled for the soul of Russia.
He briefly studied law before drifting into the Holy Brotherhood, an anti-Semitic secret society which used forgery as a tool against the revolutionaries, publishing phoney newspapers and tracts. His contacts there found him a job in the government press department where he acted as a Tsarist spin doctor, placing articles in compliant newspapers and paying the salaries of certain journalists.
When his chief protector died and he was publicly denounced by Maxim Gorky as an informer he was forced to look for work abroad and chose Paris. There he made contact with the head of the Russian secret police, Pierre Ratchkovski, who put him to work writing pro-Russian stories to be planted in the French press.
Later he was charged with a more important mission. Reactionary circles in Moscow, dismayed at the progress being made by modernisers in the court of Nicolas II, hit on the idea of a forgery that would demonstrate to the tsar that the rising tide of capitalism in Russia was really a Jewish conspiracy aimed at overthrowing him and the old order. At the end of 1900 or the beginning of 1901 Golovinski was set to work. He leant heavily on a pamphlet written in 1864 by an anti-Bonapartist lawyer who claimed Napoleon III was engaged in a plot to usurp all the powers of the French people.
The Protocols have proved an inspiration for generations of anti-Semites all over the world, despite having proved to be fake within a few decades of their appearance at the beginning of the century. They purport to reveal a secret Jewish-Masonic conspiracy to overthrow monarchy and Christian civilisation through the manipulation of wars, revolutions and capitalism, paving the way for world Jewish domination.
Research by a leading Russian historian, Mikhail Lepekhine, in recently opened archives has found the forgery to be the work of Mathieu Golovinski, opportunistic scion of an aristocratic but rebellious family who drifted into a life of espionage and propaganda work. After working for the Tsarist secret service he later changed sides and joined the Bolsheviks.
Mr Lepekhine's findings, published yesterday in the French magazine L'Express, would appear to clear up the last remaining mystery surrounding the Protocols. Though banned in Europe, copies are still to be found in Middle Eastern bookshops.
Golovinski was born in 1865 in Ivachevka in the Simbirsk region. His father, a friend of Dostoyevsky who was condemned to death for his part in a plot then pardoned, died when he was 10 leaving him to be brought up by his mother and a French governess. His subsequent career evokes the world of assassination and intrigue described in Joseph Conrad's Under Western Eyes, as revolutionaries and reactionaries struggled for the soul of Russia.
He briefly studied law before drifting into the Holy Brotherhood, an anti-Semitic secret society which used forgery as a tool against the revolutionaries, publishing phoney newspapers and tracts. His contacts there found him a job in the government press department where he acted as a Tsarist spin doctor, placing articles in compliant newspapers and paying the salaries of certain journalists.
When his chief protector died and he was publicly denounced by Maxim Gorky as an informer he was forced to look for work abroad and chose Paris. There he made contact with the head of the Russian secret police, Pierre Ratchkovski, who put him to work writing pro-Russian stories to be planted in the French press.
Later he was charged with a more important mission. Reactionary circles in Moscow, dismayed at the progress being made by modernisers in the court of Nicolas II, hit on the idea of a forgery that would demonstrate to the tsar that the rising tide of capitalism in Russia was really a Jewish conspiracy aimed at overthrowing him and the old order. At the end of 1900 or the beginning of 1901 Golovinski was set to work. He leant heavily on a pamphlet written in 1864 by an anti-Bonapartist lawyer who claimed Napoleon III was engaged in a plot to usurp all the powers of the French people.
