Friday, August 26, 2005
At 1:00 AM
EDT, maximum sustained winds had decreased to 70 mph and Katrina was again downgraded to a tropical storm. At 5:00 AM
EDT, the eye of Hurricane Katrina was located just offshore of southwestern Florida over the Gulf of Mexico about 50 miles (80 km) north-northeast of
Key West, Florida. Maximum sustained winds had again increased to 75 mph (121 km/h) and Katrina was upgraded again to a
Category 1 hurricane.
In the early afternoon, the
National Hurricane Center officially shifts the possible track of Katrina from the
Florida Panhandle to the Mississippi/Louisiana coast. Governor
Kathleen Babineaux Blanco declared a state of emergency for the state of Louisiana.
[4] The declaration included activation of the state of Louisiana's emergency response and recovery program under the command of the director of the state office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness to supply emergency support services. Following the declaration of a state of emergency, federal troops were deployed to Louisiana to coordinate the planning of operations with
FEMA.
[5]
By 11:00 PM
EDT, the
National Hurricane Center predicted that Hurricane Katrina would strike the town of
Buras-Triumph, Louisiana, 66 miles (106 km) southeast of
New Orleans.
[6]
[edit] Saturday, August 27, 2005
By 5:00 AM
EDT, Hurricane Katrina reached
Category 5 intensity.
At 10:00 AM
EDT, officials in
St. Charles Parish, Louisiana,
St. Tammany Parish, and
Plaquemines Parish ordered a mandatory evacuation of all of their residents.
Jefferson Parish and
St. Bernard Parish ordered voluntary evacuations, recommending that all residents evacuate, particularly those living in lower areas. Jefferson Parish officials did declare a mandatory evacuation for the coastal areas of
Grand Isle,
Crown Point,
Lafitte, and
Barataria. Tolls were suspended on the
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway as well as the
Crescent City Connection, to speed up the evacuation process.
At 5:00 PM
EDT,
New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin announced a state of emergency and a called for a voluntary evacuation. He added that he would stick with the state's evacuation plan and not order a mandatory evacuation until 30 hours before the expected landfall. This would allow those residents in low-lying surrounding parishes to leave first and avoid gridlocked escape routes. However, he did recommend that residents of low-lying areas of the city, such as
Algiers and the
9th Ward, get a head start. Nagin said the city would open the Superdome as a shelter of last resort for evacuees with special needs. He advised anyone planning to stay there to bring their own food, drinks and other comforts such as folding chairs. "No weapons, no large items, and bring small quantities of food for three or four days, to be safe," he said.
[7]
Map of Louisiana parishes eligible for assistance.
Governor Blanco sends a letter to
President George W. Bush asking him to declare a major disaster for the State of Louisiana, in order to release federal assistance.
[8]
In response to Governor Blanco's request, President Bush declared a federal state of emergency in Louisiana under the authority of the
Stafford Act, which provided a, "means of assistance by the Federal Government to State and local governments in carrying out their responsibilities to alleviate the suffering and damage which result from such disasters,..."
[9]
The emergency declaration provided for federal assistance and funding, as well as assigned, by law, the responsibility for coordinating relief efforts with those government bodies and relief agencies which agree to operate under his advice or direction, to the FEMA federal coordinating officer (FCO).
[10] It also provided for military assets and personnel to be deployed in relief and support operations, although the
Posse Comitatus Act imposes strict limitations on the use of Active Duty soldiers in law enforcement.
That night,
National Hurricane Center director
Max Mayfield briefed President Bush, Governor Blanco, Governor
Haley Barbour of
Mississippi, and Mayor Nagin on the status of Hurricane Katrina.
[6]
[edit] Sunday, August 28, 2005
Just after midnight, at 12:40 AM
CDT (0540
UTC), Hurricane Katrina reached
Category 4 intensity with 145 mph winds. By 7:00 AM
CDT (1200
UTC), it was a
Category 5 storm, with maximum sustained winds of 175 mph (280 km/h), gusts up to 215 mph (344 km/h) and a central pressure of 902
mbar.
In a press conference at roughly 10:00 AM
CDT (1500
UTC), Nagin declared that "a mandatory evacuation order is hereby called for all of the parish of Orleans." "We're facing the storm most of us have feared," he told the early-morning news conference, with the governor at his side. Following Nagin's speech, Governor Blanco stated that President Bush called her "just before" the press conference and said that he was "concerned about the [storm’s] impact" and asked her "to please ensure that there would be a mandatory evacuation of New Orleans."
[11] Katrina was expected to make landfall overnight.
[12] Shortly after the meeting, at 10:00 AM
CDT (1500
UTC), the
National Weather Service issued a bulletin predicting "devastating" damage.
[13]
At 12:00 PM
CDT (1700
UTC), the Louisiana Superdome was opened as a, "refuge of last resort," for those residents that were unable to obtain safe transport out of the city.
President Bush declared a state of emergency in
Alabama and
Mississippi,
[14][15] and a major disaster in Florida,
[16] under the authority of the
Stafford Act.
[edit] Second landfall
Hurricane Katrina making its second landfall, near the
Mississippi River Delta.
[edit] Monday, August 29, 2005
At 6:10 AM
CDT (1110
UTC), Hurricane Katrina made its second landfall as a strong
Category 3 hurricane near
Buras-Triumph, Louisiana, with sustained winds of more than 125 mph (205 km/h), although Category 4 winds may have briefly affected the area.
[2] Katrina also made landfall in St. Bernard parish and St. Tammany parish as a Category 3 hurricane for a total of three landfalls in Louisiana.[
citation needed]
By 8:00 AM
CDT (1300
UTC), in New Orleans, water was seen rising on both sides of the
Industrial Canal.
At approximately 8:14 AM
CDT (1314
UTC), the New Orleans office of the
National Weather Service issues a
Flash Flood Warning for Orleans Parish and St Bernard Parish, citing a levee breach at the Industrial Canal. The
National Weather Service predicted three to eight feet of water and advised people in the warning area to "move to higher ground immediately."
[17]
By 9:00 AM
CDT (2100
UTC), there was 6-8 feet of water in the
Lower Ninth Ward.
[18]
At 10:00 AM
CDT (1500
UTC), Hurricane Katrina made its third landfall near
Pearlington, Mississippi and Slidell, Louisiana, with sustained winds of 120 mph (193 km/h) after crossing Breton Sound. Also at 10:00 AM. while at a
Medicare event in
El Mirage, Arizona, President Bush said, "I want to thank the governors of the affected regions for mobilizing assets prior to the arrival of the storm to help citizens avoid this devastating storm."
[19]
By 11:00 AM
CDT (1600
UTC), there was approximately 10 feet (3 m) of water in
St. Bernard Parish.
[18] Many rooftops could not be seen here as they were submerged. Therefore, there was much more than 10 feet of water in many places.
At 2:00 PM
CDT (1900
UTC), New Orleans officials confirmed a breach of the
17th Street Canal levee.
[18] There was also confirmation of breaches at two other canals.
In a press conference at 3:00 PM
CDT (2000
UTC), New Orleans Homeland Security Director Terry Ebbertt stated that he was positive that there were casualties resulting from the storm, based on calls to emergency workers from people trapped in trees and homes. He said that, "Everybody who had a way or wanted to get out of the way of this storm was able to. For some that didn't, it was their last night on this earth."
[20] Police were fanning out across the city to assess damage, rescue people, and get a good look at the situation before nightfall. The hardest-hit areas of the city were the
Lower Ninth Ward, New Orleans East, Gentilly, Lakeview, St. Bernard parish, and Plaquemines parish.
Governor Blanco ordered 68 school buses into New Orleans from surrounding parishes to begin evacuating any survivors that remained in the city.
FEMA Director
Michael Brown also urged local fire and rescue departments outside
Louisiana,
Alabama, and
Mississippi not to send trucks or emergency workers into disaster areas without an explicit request for help from state or local governments. Brown sought the approval from Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff five hours after landfall to dispatch 1,000 Homeland Security workers into the region. Brown acknowledged that this process would take two days. He described Katrina as a, "near catastrophic event."
Brown defined the role of requested assigned personnel and additional aid from the
United States Department of Homeland Security: "Establish and maintain positive working relationships with disaster affected communities and the citizens of those communities. Collect and disseminate information and make referrals for appropriate assistance. Identification of potential issues within the community and reporting to appropriate personnel. Convey a positive image of disaster operations to government officials, community organizations and the general public. Perform outreach with community leaders on available Federal disaster assistance."
[21]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Hurricane_Katrina